Hose constructed of laminated cohesive interwound members with variably-expansible zones.



v L. A. SUBERS. HOSE GONSTBUGTED 0F LAMINATED GOHESIVE INTERWOUNDMEMBERS'WITH VARIABLY EXPANSIBLE ZONES.

1 APPLICATION FILED OUT. 17, 1910. P t t d N a u v a 611 6 0V. E E514Witnesses expand more read1ly than other portions such as the bodportions, without lessening 1 To all whom it may'concem:

ofCleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and structed of LaminatedCohesive lnterwound 'Members with Variably-Expansible Zones,

as will enable others skilled in the art to same.

' The objects of the invention are to prov1de means for permittingcertain portions amount of expansion that can be permitted 1 in the bodyportions of air brake hose, or in tubin for any purpose adapted tosustain 1 very igh internal pressure should be very 'of expansion toelongation or contraction; controls the capability of the hose tosustain the amount of capability of stretchin unirnn snares mannaenrich.

LAWRENCE A. SUBER$, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

- HOSE CONSTRUCTED OF LAMINATED COHESIVE INTERWOUND MEMBERS WITHVAEIABLY-EXPANSIBLE ZONES.

Specification of letters Patent.

original application filed January 31, 1910, Serial Ito.

Patented Nov. 28, 1911. 540,982. Divided and this application filedOctober 17, 1910. Serial No. 587,633.

Be it known that I, LAWRENCE A. SUBERS, a citizen of the United States,and. resident State of Ohio, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Hose .Gon-

of which I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription, such which it appertains to make and use the This inventionis a division of my applielation Ser. No. 5420,9852. filed January 31,

of a hose such as the ends which are sleeved overor may be ex anded in acoupling to hone.

It will be readily understood that the their'strength'm the moreexpansible porslight. as also the amount of elongation of the hose underhigh pressure, and the ratio great internal pressure. In a hose of thischaracter the body'portion of the fabric is substantially non-expansibleand the hence fluid tight couplings which depend upon the expansion of.the hose'for their insertion therein are extremely difiicult ofattachment. For this reason some means permitting the. extremitiesofthe" tubing to be sufilciently expanded to permit the attachment ofthe couplings without affecting the rigidity of the body portions haslong been recognized as a necessity in'the art. To accomplish thisresult and to make the ratio of expansibility at any part or any inlayer of hose controllable at the will of the maker, the cordsthemselves which form the component portions of the fabric are madeextensible andf predetermined parts of the cord is definitely controlledtherein. This is accomplished by givinga greater number of twists perinch .to those portions of the cords which form therein and they. willthereby become sutliciently'elastic to enable them to assume the shapeof the couplings, so that the hose can be clamped securely upon thecouplings to prevent leakage under pressure.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, hereinafterfurther described, and specifically pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a side elevation of a hoseshowin three layers, the middle layer of which is com- "posed of twistedcords or threads circumferentiall or transversely wound in closespirals. he cord in this spirally wound layer is so twisted as to be asrigid and inexpansible .as possible .or to a predetermined amount in thebody of the hose, and at. the ends of the hose the cord is twisted so asto be'ca able of stretching a greater amount than in the body portion.The inner and outer layers are Wound at an angle of approximately 45 and135. respectively, relatively to any longitudinal surface line on thatlayer, and cross each other at approximately right an les; Fig. 2 is asimilar view of a hose in w ich a similar circumferentially or spirallywound layer of twisted cord is wound upon a' layer oflaminatedcohesive-interwound bands of cords crossing each other atangles of approximately 45 and 135 respectively, andan outer layer oflaminated cohesive interwound bands of twisted cords'similar to thefirst layer and crossing each other at angles of approximately 45 and135 respectively is formed upon the spirally wound layer; Fig. 3 is alongitudinal section of a portion of hose,

showing also one partof a coupling inserted in the more expansible endand so constructed that the diameters of the openings in the couplingand hose remain equal; Fig. 4 is a portion of twisted cord similar tothat used in making a layer of spirally wound cord or employedinconstructing the bands of each extremity a twisted cord, apredetermined length of this cord is provided with a predeternnnednumber of twists per inch, and is adapted to form the body portion ofthe layer, and at redetermined length of the cord is provided with acalculated greater number of twists per inch, and these extremities formthe extremities of the layer.

In Fig-1 is shown the mandrel M on which is first placed the rubberlining Z formin the inner surface of the hose; upon this linlng is woundat an angle of 45 or other predetermined angle to any lo'ngitudinalsurface line on that layer, layer 1 composed of fibrous twisted cords orthreads, upon this is wound the layer 2 composed of circumferentially orspirally wound twisted cords or threads, and upon this is wound a' layerof fibrous twisted cords or threads 3, at an angle the reverse of theangle of laying the cords in the layer 1, or at an angle ofapproximately 135. In this figure the vmodifications in the twist in thecords of the layer 2 are most clearly shown.

The body of the layer at H is composed of a zone of cords having a lessnumber of twists per inch than the cords in the zones I, I which formthe extremities. For instance, the ratio of twists may be six twists perinch in the cords in the outer extremities, and as low as 1% per inch inthe body portion. The circumferential layer 2 is obviously the mostrigid of all the layers to resist diametric pressure and hence thevariation in the number of twists per inch in the cords of thecentral-and terminal zones is the greatest in this layer.

In constructing the hose each cord is twisted while bemg made so as tohave a portion or zone L forming the body of the cord and whoincorporated in the bod portion ll of the layer in which the num er oftwists per inch is small, and also ortions or zones L at the extremitiesin w ich the number of twists er inch is large,-which are incorporatedin t 1e zones forming the outer extremities of the layer as shown inFig. 4. The layers 1 and 3 are designed to resist longitudinal tensionand hence may be more expansible than the layer 2 owing totheir. angulardirection in the hose and hence ma or may not be rovided with zones inwhic 1 the number of twists per inch in the cord varies. layers 1 and 3may be provided with zones at their outer extremities in which the zonesare formed of cords having three twists per inch, and the centralportions may have 1 twists per inch. The amount of twist can be variedat pleasure in any one zone or portion of the hose, or incorporated intoany predetermined portion thereof.

In Fig. 2 the construction is similar and the zone portions aredesignated by similar Where such variations occur the' In Fig. 3 theouter end of the hose isshown to be expanded by means of the insertionof the tapered coupling C which is provided with a shoulder 0 over whichthe expansible portion of the hose is stretched and a clamp 0 exerts apressure to secure the extremity of the hose behind the said shoulder.This mode ofconstruction enables the manufacturer to construct hose orother tubing capable of sustaining a very high degree of internalpressure without a detrimental amount of expansion or limit ofelasticity in the main ortion, but which will be capable of a suthcientamount of ex ansion at its ends to permit of stretching it to enable thecouplings to be inserted therein, or for expansion'rings to be expandedthere= in if a" coupling requlring them be used. The cords are madecohesive by means of a coating thereon of rubber or similar materialpreferably vulcanizable, which may be put on them in any convenientmanner.

Having described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent is:

1. In a hose, a layer composed of adherin twisted cords, said cordsprovided wit zones of redetermined limits of elasticity differing romthe limits of elasticity of the main portions of said cords, theportions of said cords having a common limit of elasticity being placedin close juxtaposition whereb zones of similar predetermined lim its ofe asticity are formed in said layer.

2. In a hose, parallel adhering twisted cords, the said cords providedw1th zones the said zones having each a predetermined limit ofelasticity.

3. In a hose, a series of twisted cords, each I cord provided with zonesin which the numthe extremities thereof having a higher ratio ofelasticity than the intermediate portion.

6. In a hose, a layer composed of transversely wound cord, theextremities of said cord having a greater number of twists per inch thanthe number of twists per inch in the body of the hose, whereby zones areformed in said layer, in the body and extremities, the extremities beingcapable of greater .expansion'than the body portion. a

7. In a hose, a rubber lining, a layer of rubbered twisted cords woundthereon at a wide angle, a layer of spirally wound twisted cords and alayer of twisted cords wound at right angles to said first layer, and abinding of Vulcanizable material for said cords and layers, the cords atthe extremities of said layers having a greater number of twists perinch than the cords ofthe intermediate portions thereof.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto set my hand this 14th day of October1910.

LAWRENCE A. SUBERS. In presence of ERNEST MOSMAN, S. L. EXLINE.

